Documentation

Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.AddContent

Additive Contents #

An additive content m on a set of sets C is a set function with value 0 at the empty set which is finitely additive on C. That means that for any finset I of pairwise disjoint sets in C such that ⋃₀ I ∈ C, m (⋃₀ I) = ∑ s ∈ I, m s.

Mathlib also has a definition of contents over compact sets: see MeasureTheory.Content. A Content is in particular an AddContent on the set of compact sets.

Main definitions #

Main statements #

Let m be an AddContent C with values in ℝ≥0∞. If C is a set semi-ring (IsSetSemiring C) we have the properties

If C is a set ring (MeasureTheory.IsSetRing C), we have

We define a specific example of AddContent, called AddContent.onIoc, on the semiring of sets made of open-closed intervals, mapping (a, b] to f b - f a.

structure MeasureTheory.AddContent {α : Type u_1} (G : Type u_2) [AddCommMonoid G] (C : Set (Set α)) :
Type (max u_1 u_2)

An additive content is a set function with value 0 at the empty set which is finitely additive on a given set of sets.

Instances For
    @[instance_reducible]
    instance MeasureTheory.instInhabitedAddContent {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] :
    Equations
    @[instance_reducible]
    instance MeasureTheory.instFunLikeAddContentSet {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] :
    FunLike (AddContent G C) (Set α) G
    Equations
    theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.ext {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m m' : AddContent G C} (h : ∀ (s : Set α), m s = m' s) :
    m = m'
    theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.ext_iff {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m m' : AddContent G C} :
    m = m' ↔ ∀ (s : Set α), m s = m' s
    @[simp]
    theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_empty {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} :
    m ∅ = 0
    theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_sUnion {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {I : Finset (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} (h_ss : ↑I ⊆ C) (h_dis : (↑I).PairwiseDisjoint id) (h_mem : ⋃₀ ↑I ∈ C) :
    m (⋃₀ ↑I) = ∑ u ∈ I, m u
    theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_biUnion {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} {ι : Type u_3} {a : Finset ι} {f : ι → Set α} (hf : ∀ i ∈ a, f i ∈ C) (h_dis : (↑a).PairwiseDisjoint f) (h_mem : ⋃ i ∈ a, f i ∈ C) :
    m (⋃ i ∈ a, f i) = ∑ i ∈ a, m (f i)
    theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_iUnion {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} {ι : Type u_3} [Fintype ι] {f : ι → Set α} (hf : ∀ (i : ι), f i ∈ C) (h_dis : Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f)) (h_mem : ⋃ (i : ι), f i ∈ C) :
    m (⋃ (i : ι), f i) = ∑ i : ι, m (f i)
    theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_union' {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (hst : s ∪ t ∈ C) (h_dis : Disjoint s t) :
    m (s ∪ t) = m s + m t

    An additive content with values in ℝ≥0∞ is said to be sigma-sub-additive if for any sequence of sets f in C such that ⋃ i, f i ∈ C, we have m (⋃ i, f i) ≤ ∑' i, m (f i).

    Equations
    Instances For
      theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_eq_add_disjointOfDiffUnion_of_subset {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s : Set α} {I : Finset (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (hs : s ∈ C) (hI : ↑I ⊆ C) (hI_ss : ∀ t ∈ I, t ⊆ s) (h_dis : (↑I).PairwiseDisjoint id) :
      m s = ∑ i ∈ I, m i + ∑ i ∈ hC.disjointOfDiffUnion hs hI, m i
      theorem MeasureTheory.eq_add_disjointOfDiff_of_subset {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (hst : s ⊆ t) :
      m t = m s + ∑ i ∈ hC.disjointOfDiff ht hs, m i

      For an m : addContent C on a SetSemiring C and s t : Set α with s ⊆ t, we can write m t = m s + ∑ i in hC.disjointOfDiff ht hs, m i.

      theorem MeasureTheory.sum_addContent_eq_of_sUnion_eq {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (J J' : Finset (Set α)) (hJ : ↑J ⊆ C) (hJdisj : (↑J).PairwiseDisjoint id) (hJ' : ↑J' ⊆ C) (hJ'disj : (↑J').PairwiseDisjoint id) (h : ⋃₀ ↑J = ⋃₀ ↑J') :
      ∑ s ∈ J, m s = ∑ t ∈ J', m t

      If a set can be written in two different ways as a disjoint union of elements of a semi-ring of sets C, then the sums of the values of m : addContent C along the two decompositions give the same result. In other words, m can be canonically extended to finite unions of elements of C.

      noncomputable def MeasureTheory.AddContent.supClosure {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] (m : AddContent G C) (hC : IsSetSemiring C) :

      Extend a content over C to the finite unions of elements of C by additivity.

      Equations
      Instances For
        theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.supClosure_apply {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent G C) {s : Set α} {J : Finset (Set α)} (hJ : ↑J ⊆ C) (h'J : (↑J).PairwiseDisjoint id) (hs : s = ⋃₀ ↑J) :
        (m.supClosure hC) s = ∑ s ∈ J, m s
        theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.supClosure_apply_finpartition {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent G C) {s : Set α} {J : Finpartition s} (hJ : ↑J.parts ⊆ C) :
        (m.supClosure hC) s = ∑ s ∈ J.parts, m s
        theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.supClosure_apply_of_mem {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent G C) {s : Set α} (hs : s ∈ C) :
        (m.supClosure hC) s = m s
        theorem MeasureTheory.sum_addContent_le_of_subset {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {t : Set α} {I : Finset (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} [PartialOrder G] [CanonicallyOrderedAdd G] (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (h_ss : ↑I ⊆ C) (h_dis : (↑I).PairwiseDisjoint id) (ht : t ∈ C) (hJt : ∀ s ∈ I, s ⊆ t) :
        ∑ u ∈ I, m u ≤ m t

        For an m : addContent C on a SetSemiring C, if I is a Finset of pairwise disjoint sets in C and ⋃₀ I ⊆ t for t ∈ C, then ∑ s ∈ I, m s ≤ m t.

        theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_mono {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} [PartialOrder G] [CanonicallyOrderedAdd G] (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (hst : s ⊆ t) :
        m s ≤ m t

        An addContent C on a SetSemiring C is monotone.

        theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_le_sum_of_subset_sUnion {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {t : Set α} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] [PartialOrder G] [CanonicallyOrderedAdd G] {m : AddContent G C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) {J : Finset (Set α)} (h_ss : ↑J ⊆ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (htJ : t ⊆ ⋃₀ ↑J) :
        m t ≤ ∑ u ∈ J, m u
        theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_sUnion_le_sum {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] [PartialOrder G] [CanonicallyOrderedAdd G] {m : AddContent G C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (J : Finset (Set α)) (h_ss : ↑J ⊆ C) (h_mem : ⋃₀ ↑J ∈ C) :
        m (⋃₀ ↑J) ≤ ∑ u ∈ J, m u

        An addContent C on a SetSemiring C is sub-additive.

        theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_iUnion_eq_tsum_of_disjoint_of_addContent_iUnion_le {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {m : AddContent ENNReal C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m_subadd : ∀ (f : ℕ → Set α), (∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) → ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C → Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f) → m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i) ≤ ∑' (i : ℕ), m (f i)) (f : ℕ → Set α) (hf : ∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (hf_Union : ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (hf_disj : Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f)) :
        m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i) = ∑' (i : ℕ), m (f i)

        If an AddContent is σ-subadditive on a semi-ring of sets, then it is σ-additive.

        theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_iUnion_eq_tsum_of_disjoint_of_IsSigmaSubadditive {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {m : AddContent ENNReal C} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m_subadd : m.IsSigmaSubadditive) (f : ℕ → Set α) (hf : ∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (hf_Union : ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (hf_disj : Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f)) :
        m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i) = ∑' (i : ℕ), m (f i)

        If an AddContent is σ-subadditive on a semi-ring of sets, then it is σ-additive.

        noncomputable def MeasureTheory.AddContent.onIocAux {α : Type u_1} [LinearOrder α] {G : Type u_3} [AddCommGroup G] (f : α → G) (s : Set α) :
        G

        The function associating to an interval Ioc u v the difference f v - f u. Use instead AddContent.ofIoc which upgrades this function to an additive content.

        Equations
        Instances For
          theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.onIocAux_apply {α : Type u_1} [LinearOrder α] {G : Type u_3} [AddCommGroup G] {f : α → G} {u v : α} (h : u ≤ v) :
          onIocAux f (Set.Ioc u v) = f v - f u
          theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.onIocAux_empty {α : Type u_1} [LinearOrder α] {G : Type u_3} [AddCommGroup G] (f : α → G) :
          noncomputable def MeasureTheory.AddContent.onIoc {α : Type u_1} [LinearOrder α] {G : Type u_3} [AddCommGroup G] (f : α → G) :
          AddContent G {s : Set α | ∃ (u : α) (v : α), u ≤ v ∧ s = Set.Ioc u v}

          The additive content on the set of open-closed intervals, associating to an interval Ioc u v the difference f v - f u.

          Equations
          Instances For
            theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.onIoc_apply {α : Type u_1} [LinearOrder α] {G : Type u_3} [AddCommGroup G] {f : α → G} {u v : α} (h : u ≤ v) :
            (onIoc f) (Set.Ioc u v) = f v - f u
            noncomputable def MeasureTheory.AddContent.extend {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent ENNReal C) :

            An additive content obtained from another one on the same semiring of sets by setting the value of each set not in the semiring at ∞.

            Equations
            Instances For
              theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.extend_eq_extend {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent ENNReal C) :
              ⇑(AddContent.extend hC m) = extend fun (x : Set α) (x_1 : x ∈ C) => m x
              theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.extend_eq {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s : Set α} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hs : s ∈ C) :
              (AddContent.extend hC m) s = m s
              theorem MeasureTheory.AddContent.extend_eq_top {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s : Set α} (hC : IsSetSemiring C) (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hs : s ∉ C) :
              theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_union {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} (hC : IsSetRing C) (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (h_dis : Disjoint s t) :
              m (s ∪ t) = m s + m t
              theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_biUnion_eq {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} {ι : Type u_3} (hC : IsSetRing C) {s : ι → Set α} {S : Finset ι} (hs : ∀ n ∈ S, s n ∈ C) (hS : (↑S).PairwiseDisjoint s) :
              m (⋃ i ∈ S, s i) = ∑ i ∈ S, m (s i)
              theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_accumulate {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] (m : AddContent G C) (hC : IsSetRing C) {s : ℕ → Set α} (hs_disj : Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint s)) (hsC : ∀ (i : ℕ), s i ∈ C) (n : ℕ) :
              m (Set.accumulate s n) = ∑ i ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), m (s i)
              def MeasureTheory.IsSetRing.addContent_of_union {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] (m : Set α → G) (hC : IsSetRing C) (m_empty : m ∅ = 0) (m_add : ∀ {s t : Set α}, s ∈ C → t ∈ C → Disjoint s t → m (s ∪ t) = m s + m t) :

              A function which is additive on disjoint elements in a ring of sets C defines an additive content on C.

              Equations
              Instances For
                theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_union_le {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} [PartialOrder G] [CanonicallyOrderedAdd G] (hC : IsSetRing C) (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) :
                m (s ∪ t) ≤ m s + m t
                theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_biUnion_le {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {G : Type u_2} [AddCommMonoid G] {m : AddContent G C} [PartialOrder G] [CanonicallyOrderedAdd G] {ι : Type u_3} (hC : IsSetRing C) {s : ι → Set α} {S : Finset ι} (hs : ∀ n ∈ S, s n ∈ C) :
                m (⋃ i ∈ S, s i) ≤ ∑ i ∈ S, m (s i)
                theorem MeasureTheory.le_addContent_sdiff {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hC : IsSetRing C) (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) :
                m s - m t ≤ m (s \ t)
                @[deprecated MeasureTheory.le_addContent_sdiff (since := "2026-06-03")]
                theorem MeasureTheory.le_addContent_diff {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hC : IsSetRing C) (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) :
                m s - m t ≤ m (s \ t)

                Alias of MeasureTheory.le_addContent_sdiff.

                theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_sdiff_of_ne_top {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hC : IsSetRing C) (hm_ne_top : ∀ s ∈ C, m s ≠ ⊤) {s t : Set α} (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (hts : t ⊆ s) :
                m (s \ t) = m s - m t
                @[deprecated MeasureTheory.addContent_sdiff_of_ne_top (since := "2026-06-03")]
                theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_diff_of_ne_top {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hC : IsSetRing C) (hm_ne_top : ∀ s ∈ C, m s ≠ ⊤) {s t : Set α} (hs : s ∈ C) (ht : t ∈ C) (hts : t ⊆ s) :
                m (s \ t) = m s - m t

                Alias of MeasureTheory.addContent_sdiff_of_ne_top.

                theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_iUnion_eq_sum_of_tendsto_zero {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} (hC : IsSetRing C) (m : AddContent ENNReal C) (hm_ne_top : ∀ s ∈ C, m s ≠ ⊤) (hm_tendsto : ∀ ⦃s : ℕ → Set α⦄, (∀ (n : ℕ), s n ∈ C) → Antitone s → ⋂ (n : ℕ), s n = ∅ → Filter.Tendsto (fun (n : ℕ) => m (s n)) Filter.atTop (nhds 0)) ⦃f : ℕ → Set α⦄ (hf : ∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (hUf : ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (h_disj : Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f)) :
                m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i) = ∑' (i : ℕ), m (f i)

                In a ring of sets, continuity of an additive content at ∅ implies σ-additivity. This is not true in general in semirings, or without the hypothesis that m is finite. See the examples 7 and 8 in Halmos' book Measure Theory (1974), page 40.

                theorem MeasureTheory.tendsto_atTop_addContent_iUnion_of_addContent_iUnion_eq_tsum {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {m : AddContent ENNReal C} (hC : IsSetRing C) (m_iUnion : ∀ (f : ℕ → Set α), (∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) → ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C → Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f) → m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i) = ∑' (i : ℕ), m (f i)) ⦃f : ℕ → Set α⦄ (hf_mono : Monotone f) (hf : ∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) (hf_Union : ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) :
                Filter.Tendsto (fun (n : ℕ) => m (f n)) Filter.atTop (nhds (m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i)))

                If an additive content is σ-additive on a set ring, then the content of a monotone sequence of sets tends to the content of the union.

                theorem MeasureTheory.isSigmaSubadditive_of_addContent_iUnion_eq_tsum {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} {m : AddContent ENNReal C} (hC : IsSetRing C) (m_iUnion : ∀ (f : ℕ → Set α), (∀ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C) → ⋃ (i : ℕ), f i ∈ C → Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint f) → m (⋃ (i : ℕ), f i) = ∑' (i : ℕ), m (f i)) :

                If an additive content is σ-additive on a set ring, then it is σ-subadditive.

                theorem MeasureTheory.addContent_iUnion_eq_tsum_of_addContent_iUnion_eq_iSup {α : Type u_1} {C : Set (Set α)} (hC : IsSetRing C) (m : AddContent ENNReal C) {s : ℕ → Set α} (hd : Pairwise (Function.onFun Disjoint s)) (hs : ∀ (i : ℕ), s i ∈ C) (hm_iSup : ∀ ⦃s : ℕ → Set α⦄, (∀ (n : ℕ), s n ∈ C) → Monotone s → m (⋃ (n : ℕ), s n) = ⨆ (n : ℕ), m (s n)) :
                m (⋃ (i : ℕ), s i) = ∑' (i : ℕ), m (s i)

                If an additive content is continuous from below on monotone sequences of sets, then it is countably additive on pairwise disjoint sequences.